Introduction to the Atlas Stone House

The Atlas Stone House, a unique property type, has piqued the interest of home buyers and investors alike. Constructed primarily in the 1950s, these semi-detached bungalows are a testament to post-war architectural ingenuity. Designed by the Atlas Stone Co. and manufactured by Dartford Builders Ltd, these properties are scattered across various regions in the UK. This article delves into the intricate details of the Atlas Stone House, providing a thorough understanding of its construction, typical characteristics, potential hazards, and inspection guidelines.

Historical Context and Manufacturing Details

Period and Location

The Atlas Stone House emerged in the 1950s, a period marked by a significant housing shortage in the UK. The need for rapid construction methods led to the development of various system-built properties, including the Atlas Stone House. These homes are predominantly found in suburban areas, offering a blend of affordability and durability.

Manufacturers and Designers

The Atlas Stone House was a collaborative effort between Dartford Builders Ltd and the Atlas Stone Co. Dartford Builders Ltd, known for their expertise in prefabricated construction, handled the manufacturing process. The Atlas Stone Co., on the other hand, was responsible for the design, ensuring that these homes met the aesthetic and functional needs of the time.

Typical Characteristics of the Atlas Stone House

Architectural Features

The Atlas Stone House is easily identifiable by its semi-detached bungalow structure. These homes typically feature a medium pitch hipped roof covered with tiles, providing a classic yet robust appearance. The external walls are constructed using horizontal precast concrete (PC) panels or brick throughout, with exposed precast reinforced concrete (PRC) columns and beams at the eaves level. The PC window surrounds add to the distinctive look of these properties.

Construction Details

Substructure

The substructure details of the Atlas Stone House are not well-documented. However, it is assumed that the foundation is designed to support the weight of the precast concrete elements and provide stability to the structure.

External Walls

The external walls are a key feature of the Atlas Stone House. They consist of storey-height PRC tapered columns with integral corbels. These columns are approximately 16 to 18 inches by 1.5 inches and are tied to horizontal PC infill panels using dowels. The exact detailing of the column at the cladding panel/column junction is not well-known. The walls also include a cavity and brickwork, with PC eaves beams providing additional support.

Roof

The roof of the Atlas Stone House is typically a medium pitch hipped design, covered with tiles. The geometry of the eaves beam is not well-documented, but it plays a crucial role in supporting the roof structure.

Internal Walls and Floors

Details about the internal walls, partitions, ground floor, first floor, and ceilings are not well-documented. However, it is assumed that these elements are designed to complement the overall structural integrity of the house.

Potential Hazards and Risks

Reinforced Concrete Durability

One of the primary concerns with the Atlas Stone House is the durability of the reinforced concrete elements. Over time, reinforced concrete can suffer from corrosion, leading to structural issues. The following resources provide guidance on inspecting and assessing the durability of reinforced concrete:

• Corrosion of Steel in Concrete (BRE Digest 444, Pts 1–3)
• Repair and Maintenance of Reinforced Concrete (BR 254)
• Carbonation Depths in Structural-Quality Concrete (BR 19)

Common Defects

Corrosion of Steel Reinforcement

Corrosion of the steel reinforcement within the PRC columns and beams is a common issue. This can lead to spalling of the concrete, reducing the structural integrity of the house.

Carbonation

Carbonation is a process where carbon dioxide from the air penetrates the concrete and reacts with the calcium hydroxide to form calcium carbonate. This can lower the pH of the concrete, leading to corrosion of the steel reinforcement.

Cracking and Spalling

Cracking and spalling of the concrete elements can occur due to various factors, including thermal expansion, freeze-thaw cycles, and structural movement. These defects can compromise the structural stability of the house.

Defective Premises Act Considerations

The Atlas Stone House is not specifically classified as defective under the Defective Premises Act. However, the potential issues with reinforced concrete durability and other common defects should be carefully considered when purchasing or investing in these properties. It is essential to conduct a thorough inspection and assessment to identify any existing or potential issues.

Inspection Guidelines for Surveyors

Pre-Inspection Preparation

Before conducting an inspection of an Atlas Stone House, it is crucial to gather as much information as possible about the property. This includes reviewing any available documentation, such as previous inspection reports, maintenance records, and construction details.

External Inspection

Roof

Inspect the roof for any signs of damage or wear, such as missing or broken tiles, sagging, or water ingress. Pay particular attention to the eaves beams and the overall condition of the roof structure.

External Walls

Examine the external walls for any signs of cracking, spalling, or other defects. Check the condition of the PRC columns and beams, as well as the PC window surrounds. Look for any signs of corrosion or carbonation in the concrete elements.

Internal Inspection

Walls and Partitions

Inspect the internal walls and partitions for any signs of cracking, movement, or other defects. Pay attention to any areas where the internal walls meet the external walls, as these junctions can be prone to issues.

Floors and Ceilings

Examine the floors and ceilings for any signs of damage, such as sagging, cracking, or water ingress. Check for any signs of structural movement or settlement.

Specialist Testing

In some cases, it may be necessary to conduct specialist testing to assess the condition of the reinforced concrete elements. This can include:

• Carbonation Testing: To determine the depth of carbonation in the concrete.
• Cover Meter Survey: To locate the steel reinforcement within the concrete and assess its condition.
• Chloride Testing: To determine the presence of chlorides, which can accelerate the corrosion of steel reinforcement.

Maintenance and Repair Considerations

Regular Inspections

Regular inspections are essential to identify and address any issues with the Atlas Stone House. This includes checking for signs of corrosion, carbonation, cracking, and spalling. Early detection and intervention can help prevent more significant problems and extend the lifespan of the property.

Repair and Maintenance

Concrete Repairs

Concrete repairs may be necessary to address issues such as spalling, cracking, and corrosion. This can include patch repairs, where damaged concrete is removed and replaced, or more extensive repairs, such as the application of protective coatings or the installation of cathodic protection systems.

Roof Repairs

Roof repairs may be necessary to address issues such as missing or broken tiles, water ingress, or structural damage. This can include replacing damaged tiles, repairing or replacing eaves beams, and addressing any underlying structural issues.

General Maintenance

General maintenance tasks, such as cleaning gutters, checking for water ingress, and addressing any minor defects, are essential to keep the property in good condition. Regular maintenance can help prevent more significant issues and ensure the long-term durability of the house.

Conclusion

The Atlas Stone House is a unique and historically significant property type that offers both opportunities and challenges for home buyers and investors. Understanding the construction details, potential hazards, and common defects is essential for making informed decisions. Regular inspections and maintenance are crucial to preserving the structural integrity and value of these properties.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.

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