Understanding the Parkwall House

The Parkwall house, also known by its alternative names Lindsay Parkinson, Outinard Parkinson, or simply Parkinson, is a distinctive type of system-built property that emerged in the 1960s. Manufactured by Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co., these properties were designed to address the post-war housing shortage in the UK. With approximately 3,100 units built, the Parkwall house remains a notable example of mid-20th-century construction innovation.

Historical Context and Manufacturing Details

Period of Construction

The Parkwall houses were predominantly constructed during the 1960s, a period marked by rapid urbanisation and a pressing need for affordable housing solutions. This era saw a surge in the development of system-built properties, which were designed to be quickly assembled using prefabricated components.

Manufacturers and Designers

Sir Lindsay Parkinson & Co. was the primary manufacturer behind the Parkwall houses. Known for their expertise in civil engineering and construction, the company played a pivotal role in the development and proliferation of these properties. The design of the Parkwall house was aimed at providing functional and cost-effective housing solutions, which could be rapidly deployed to meet the growing demand.

Typical Characteristics of Parkwall Houses

Structural Features

Parkwall houses are typically bungalows or two-storey terraced houses. They are characterised by their medium pitch gable roofs, which are usually covered with concrete tiles. In some cases, these roofs may be flat and covered with asphalt or bituminous felt. The front and rear external walls are clad with plywood, often finished with Arpax or other similar claddings. The flank walls, on the other hand, are constructed using brick.

Identification Characteristics

To identify a Parkwall house, look for the following features:
– Bungalows or two-storey terraced houses
– Medium pitch gable roof with concrete tiles or flat roof with asphalt/bituminous felt
– Front and rear external walls clad with plywood and Arpax finish
– Brick flank walls

Common Hazards and Risks

While Parkwall houses were innovative for their time, they are not without their risks and hazards. Some of the common issues associated with these properties include:

• Deterioration of Cladding: The plywood cladding used on the front and rear walls can deteriorate over time, especially if not properly maintained.
• Roofing Issues: Flat roofs covered with asphalt or bituminous felt are prone to leaks and water damage.
• Structural Concerns: The reinforced concrete used in the construction of these houses can suffer from corrosion, leading to structural weaknesses.

Legal Considerations: Defective Premises Act

The Defective Premises Act 1972 imposes a duty on builders, developers, and landlords to ensure that properties are constructed and maintained to a reasonable standard. While the Parkwall house is not explicitly listed as defective under this Act, the potential issues associated with its construction materials and methods mean that buyers and investors should exercise caution.

Inspection Guide for Surveyors

When inspecting a Parkwall house, surveyors should pay close attention to the following areas:

Roof

• Type: Identify whether the roof is a medium pitch gable with concrete tiles or a flat roof with asphalt/bituminous felt.
• Condition: Check for signs of wear and tear, leaks, and water damage. Flat roofs, in particular, should be inspected for pooling water and cracks in the asphalt or bituminous felt.

Walls

• Cladding: Examine the plywood cladding on the front and rear walls for signs of deterioration, rot, or damage. The Arpax finish should also be checked for any cracks or peeling.
• Brick Flank Walls: Inspect the brickwork for any signs of cracking, spalling, or mortar deterioration.

Main Frame

• Reinforced Concrete: Assess the condition of the reinforced concrete used in the main frame. Look for signs of corrosion, which can weaken the structural integrity of the property. Refer to guidance on the inspection and assessment of reinforced concrete durability, such as BRE Digest 444 (Parts 1-3) and BR 254.

Floors

• Condition: Check the floors for any signs of unevenness, sagging, or damage. Pay particular attention to areas near the external walls, where water ingress may have caused damage.

Typical Defects in Parkwall Houses

Cladding Deterioration

One of the most common defects in Parkwall houses is the deterioration of the plywood cladding. Over time, exposure to the elements can cause the plywood to rot, warp, or delaminate. This not only affects the aesthetic appeal of the property but can also compromise its structural integrity.

Roofing Issues

Flat roofs covered with asphalt or bituminous felt are particularly prone to issues. These materials can crack, blister, or become brittle over time, leading to leaks and water damage. Regular maintenance and timely repairs are essential to prevent these issues from escalating.

Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete

The reinforced concrete used in the construction of Parkwall houses can suffer from corrosion, especially if the concrete has been exposed to moisture. Corrosion of the steel reinforcement can lead to cracking and spalling of the concrete, which can weaken the overall structure of the property.

Water Ingress

Water ingress is a common issue in Parkwall houses, particularly in areas where the cladding or roofing materials have deteriorated. This can lead to dampness, mould growth, and damage to the internal structure of the property.

Maintenance and Repair Tips

Regular Inspections

Regular inspections are crucial to identify and address potential issues before they become major problems. Homeowners and investors should schedule annual inspections to assess the condition of the roof, cladding, and reinforced concrete.

Timely Repairs

Timely repairs are essential to maintain the structural integrity and aesthetic appeal of Parkwall houses. Addressing issues such as cladding deterioration, roofing problems, and concrete corrosion promptly can prevent further damage and costly repairs in the future.

Professional Assistance

Engaging the services of professional surveyors and contractors with experience in system-built properties is highly recommended. They can provide expert advice on maintenance and repair strategies, ensuring that the property remains in good condition.

Conclusion

The Parkwall house, with its distinctive design and construction methods, represents an important chapter in the history of UK housing. While these properties offer unique benefits, they also come with their own set of challenges and risks. By understanding the typical characteristics, common defects, and maintenance requirements of Parkwall houses, home buyers and investors can make informed decisions and ensure the longevity and safety of their investment.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.

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