Understanding the Quikform House

The Quikform house, also known as the Bryant Kwikform, Bryant Quikform, or Bryant System A, is a distinctive type of system-built property that emerged in the UK post-World War II. Manufactured by C Bryant & Son, these houses were designed to address the urgent need for affordable and quickly constructed homes during the housing crisis of the mid-20th century. This article delves into the intricate details of Quikform houses, providing valuable insights for home buyers and investors.

Historical Context and Manufacturing

Period Built and Typical Locations

The Quikform house was introduced in 1945 and continued to be built in the subsequent decades. These properties are predominantly found in suburban areas across the UK, particularly in regions that experienced significant housing shortages after the war. The design and construction methods were tailored to meet the demands of rapid urban expansion and the need for durable, cost-effective housing solutions.

Manufacturer and Designer

C Bryant & Son, a prominent construction company of the time, was responsible for the production of Quikform houses. The design aimed to streamline the construction process while ensuring structural integrity and longevity. Although the specific designer’s name is not widely documented, the architectural principles reflect the post-war emphasis on functionality and efficiency.

Characteristics of Quikform Houses

Structural Features

Quikform houses are typically two-storey semi-detached or terraced properties. They are easily identifiable by their shallow pitch hipped roofs covered with concrete tiles or flat roofs covered with asphalt or bituminous felt. The external walls are rendered throughout, giving these houses a uniform and somewhat austere appearance.

Construction Details

Substructure

The substructure of Quikform houses consists of concrete strip footings and a concrete slab. A damp-proof course (DPC) is incorporated to prevent moisture ingress from the ground.

External Walls

The external walls are rendered and constructed using a combination of 4-inch concrete, 2 1/4-inch clinker concrete blocks, a 1 1/2-inch cavity, and another layer of 2 1/4-inch clinker concrete blocks. Horizontal reinforcement is placed above and below openings and at the first-floor level. Reinforced steel angles (RSA) support the blockwork above openings, and metal tube weep and vent holes are included for ventilation.

Separating Walls

Separating walls between properties are made of 8-inch hollow clinker concrete blocks filled with lightly reinforced concrete, providing both structural support and sound insulation.

Partitions

Loadbearing partitions are constructed of brick, while non-loadbearing partitions use 2-inch clinker concrete.

Floors

The ground floor is a solid concrete slab, while the first floor features a 2-inch concrete slab with integral downstand beams for added strength.

Roof

The roof structure comprises timber rafters, purlins, and concrete tiles. Some variants may have roofs with RSA trusses or flat roofs made of suspended concrete slabs covered with bituminous felt or asphalt.

Typical Hazards and Risks

Structural Concerns

One of the primary concerns with Quikform houses is the potential for structural degradation over time. The use of clinker concrete, which contains industrial by-products, can lead to issues such as carbonation and chloride-induced corrosion of the steel reinforcement. These factors can compromise the structural integrity of the property if not properly maintained.

Moisture Ingress

The presence of a damp-proof course (DPC) is crucial in preventing moisture ingress. However, over time, the effectiveness of the DPC can diminish, leading to damp issues within the property. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to address any signs of dampness promptly.

Thermal Efficiency

Quikform houses, like many post-war properties, may not meet modern thermal efficiency standards. The cavity walls, while providing some insulation, may require additional measures such as cavity wall insulation or external cladding to improve energy efficiency and reduce heating costs.

Defective Premises Act and Quikform Houses

The Defective Premises Act 1972 imposes a duty on builders, developers, and landlords to ensure that properties are constructed and maintained to a reasonable standard. While Quikform houses were built to the standards of their time, they may not meet contemporary building regulations. It is essential for buyers and investors to be aware of any potential defects and to undertake necessary remedial works to ensure compliance with current standards.

Inspection and Assessment Guide

Pre-Inspection Preparation

Before conducting an inspection of a Quikform house, it is advisable to gather relevant documentation, including previous survey reports, maintenance records, and any available construction drawings. This information can provide valuable insights into the property’s history and potential areas of concern.

External Inspection

Roof

Inspect the roof for signs of wear and tear, such as cracked or missing tiles, and check the condition of the flat roof covering if applicable. Pay attention to any signs of water ingress or damage to the roof structure.

Walls

Examine the external walls for cracks, render deterioration, and signs of moisture ingress. Check the condition of the weep and vent holes to ensure proper ventilation.

Internal Inspection

Floors

Inspect the ground and first floors for any signs of movement, cracking, or unevenness. Check for dampness, particularly around the edges of the ground floor slab.

Walls and Partitions

Examine the internal walls and partitions for cracks, signs of moisture ingress, and any structural issues. Pay attention to the condition of loadbearing partitions, as these are critical to the property’s structural integrity.

Ceilings

While specific details about the ceilings in Quikform houses are not well-documented, it is essential to inspect them for any signs of sagging, cracking, or water damage.

Structural Elements

Reinforcement

Assess the condition of the horizontal reinforcement above and below openings and at the first-floor level. Look for signs of corrosion or deterioration that could compromise the structural integrity.

Damp-Proof Course

Check the effectiveness of the damp-proof course (DPC) by looking for signs of rising damp or moisture ingress at the base of the walls.

Common Defects in Quikform Houses

Carbonation and Chloride-Induced Corrosion

The use of clinker concrete in Quikform houses can lead to carbonation and chloride-induced corrosion of the steel reinforcement. These processes can weaken the structural elements and require remedial measures such as concrete repair and reinforcement protection.

Damp Issues

Dampness is a common issue in older properties, and Quikform houses are no exception. Regular maintenance of the damp-proof course and addressing any signs of moisture ingress promptly can help mitigate this risk.

Thermal Bridging

The construction methods used in Quikform houses can result in thermal bridging, where heat is lost through the building fabric. Insulating the cavity walls and improving the overall thermal efficiency can help reduce energy costs and improve comfort levels.

Maintenance and Repair Strategies

Regular Inspections

Conducting regular inspections is crucial to identify and address any emerging issues promptly. This includes checking the condition of the roof, walls, floors, and structural elements.

Concrete Repair

If signs of carbonation or chloride-induced corrosion are detected, it is essential to undertake concrete repair works. This may involve removing and replacing affected concrete, applying protective coatings, and reinforcing the steel elements.

Damp-Proofing

Maintaining the effectiveness of the damp-proof course is vital in preventing moisture ingress. This may involve installing a new DPC or applying damp-proofing treatments to the walls.

Insulation Upgrades

Improving the thermal efficiency of Quikform houses can be achieved through insulation upgrades. This may include cavity wall insulation, external cladding, and upgrading the roof insulation.

Conclusion

Quikform houses, with their distinctive construction methods and historical significance, offer unique opportunities and challenges for home buyers and investors. Understanding the structural characteristics, potential hazards, and maintenance requirements is essential in making informed decisions. Regular inspections, timely repairs, and insulation upgrades can help ensure the longevity and comfort of these properties.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.