Understanding the Rumble House

The Rumble House, a unique and intriguing property type, holds a special place in the history of British architecture. Designed by the renowned architect Hugh Casson and manufactured by Tersons Ltd, these properties were constructed between 1952 and 1953. With only eight of these houses ever built, they are a rare find in the UK property market. Known for their distinctive construction and design, Rumble Houses are typically found as two-storey semi-detached and terraced houses. This article will delve into the various aspects of Rumble Houses, including their construction, typical characteristics, potential hazards, and what to look for when inspecting these properties.

Historical Context and Design

Period and Location

Rumble Houses were constructed in the early 1950s, a period marked by post-war reconstruction and innovation in building techniques. These houses were primarily built in urban areas where there was a high demand for quick and efficient housing solutions. The design and construction of Rumble Houses reflect the architectural trends and technological advancements of that era.

Manufacturer and Designer

Tersons Ltd, a prominent construction company of the time, was responsible for the manufacturing of Rumble Houses. The design was the brainchild of Hugh Casson, a distinguished architect known for his innovative approach to residential architecture. Casson’s design aimed to provide affordable yet durable housing solutions, incorporating modern materials and construction methods.

Construction Characteristics

Roof

The roof of a Rumble House is a shallow pitch gable roof covered with asphalt. It features reinforced concrete (RC) integral roof and gutter panels. The roof trusses are RSA (rolled steel angle) trusses, with the bottom and top cords of the truss cast into the first-floor RC ceiling slab. The junction between adjacent roof slabs is also a notable feature. The roof panels are 6-inch dished RC panels with integral gutters, covered with asphalt for waterproofing.

Walls

The external walls of Rumble Houses are rendered throughout, providing a uniform and aesthetically pleasing appearance. The walls are constructed with a 10-inch dense RC cavity wall, consisting of 4-inch leaves with a 2-inch discontinuous cavity. The leaves are joined by integral webs, and the walls are reinforced with galvanised mild steel (MS) ties in the webs. Additional reinforcement is provided over openings, and the external wall cavity is open at the eaves level.

Floors

The ground floor of a Rumble House is typically made of concrete, providing a solid and durable base. The first floor consists of a 4-inch RC slab, which is integrated with the roof trusses and ceiling slabs. The ceilings on the ground floor are not specifically known, but the first-floor ceilings are made of RC slabs.

Main Frame

The main frame of a Rumble House is constructed using dense RC, providing structural integrity and durability. The frame is designed to support the weight of the building and withstand various environmental stresses.

Typical Defects and Hazards

Spalling and Cracking

One of the most common issues with Rumble Houses is the spalling and cracking of the PRC (precast reinforced concrete) roof panels. This is often due to the corrosion of the reinforcement within the panels. Over time, the steel reinforcement can rust, causing the concrete to crack and spall. This can lead to water ingress and further structural damage if not addressed promptly.

Horizontal Cracking

Horizontal cracking of the gable wall at eaves level is another typical defect in Rumble Houses. This is often caused by the absence of movement joints, which are necessary to accommodate the natural expansion and contraction of the building materials. Without these joints, the walls can crack under stress, leading to potential structural issues.

Vertical Cracking

Vertical cracking of the chimney stack is also a common problem in Rumble Houses. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including thermal movement, settlement, and the natural aging of the materials. Vertical cracks can compromise the structural integrity of the chimney and pose a safety hazard if not repaired.

Inspection Tips for Rumble Houses

Roof Inspection

When inspecting the roof of a Rumble House, look for signs of spalling and cracking in the PRC panels. Check for any areas where the asphalt covering may be damaged or deteriorating, as this can allow water to penetrate the roof structure. Pay particular attention to the junctions between roof slabs and the integral gutters, as these areas are prone to leaks and water damage.

Wall Inspection

Examine the external walls for any signs of cracking, particularly horizontal cracks at the eaves level and vertical cracks in the chimney stack. Check the condition of the render, looking for any areas where it may be peeling or deteriorating. Inspect the wall cavities at the eaves level to ensure they are not blocked or filled with debris, as this can affect the ventilation and drainage of the walls.

Floor Inspection

Inspect the ground floor for any signs of settlement or movement, such as cracks in the concrete or uneven surfaces. Check the first-floor RC slab for any signs of cracking or spalling, particularly around the junctions with the roof trusses and ceiling slabs. Look for any areas where the reinforcement may be exposed or corroding, as this can weaken the structure of the floor.

Main Frame Inspection

Examine the main frame of the house for any signs of structural damage or deterioration. Look for cracks or spalling in the dense RC, particularly around areas where the frame supports the weight of the building. Check for any signs of corrosion in the steel reinforcement, as this can compromise the structural integrity of the frame.

Defective Premises Act Considerations

Rumble Houses are not specifically classed as defective under the Defective Premises Act. However, the typical defects and hazards associated with these properties can pose significant risks if not addressed. It is essential to conduct a thorough inspection and address any issues promptly to ensure the safety and durability of the property.

Variants and Modifications

Over the years, some Rumble Houses may have undergone modifications or renovations. One common variant is the removal of the roof trusses, which can affect the structural integrity of the roof and ceiling slabs. When inspecting a modified Rumble House, it is crucial to assess the impact of any changes on the overall structure and identify any potential issues that may arise from these modifications.

Conclusion

Rumble Houses are a unique and rare property type with a rich history and distinctive construction characteristics. While they offer a fascinating glimpse into post-war British architecture, they also come with their own set of challenges and potential hazards. By understanding the typical defects and conducting a thorough inspection, home buyers and investors can make informed decisions and ensure the safety and durability of their investment.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.