Historical Context and Manufacturing

The Atholl 1951 house, a notable example of post-war British architecture, was manufactured by Atholl Steel Houses Ltd. These homes were constructed between 1951 and 1955, with approximately 1,200 units built during this period. The Atholl houses were part of a broader initiative to address the housing shortage in the UK following World War II. They were primarily located in various regions across the UK, including urban and suburban areas, where the demand for quick and affordable housing was high.

The design of these houses was a collaborative effort involving several designers who aimed to create durable and cost-effective homes. The Atholl houses are also known by alternative names such as Atholl Postwar houses, reflecting their historical significance and the era in which they were built.

Identification Characteristics

Atholl houses are easily identifiable by their distinct architectural features. They are typically two-storey structures and can be found in detached, semi-detached, and terraced forms. One of the most prominent features is the medium pitch gable roof covered with tiles. The external walls are rendered with roughcast, giving them a textured appearance. A pronounced bell mouth at the first-floor level on the front elevation is another characteristic feature. Additionally, these houses often have projecting surrounds to door and window openings, and some may include a flat concrete canopy over the front door.

Construction Details

Substructure

The substructure of Atholl houses consists of concrete pads below stanchions, concrete strip footings, and brick underbuilding. A damp-proof course (DPC) is also present to prevent moisture from rising through the structure.

Main Frame

The main frame of the Atholl house is composed of various steel components, including:
– 8 RSA (Rolled Steel Angle) stanchions
– 2 RSJ (Rolled Steel Joist) stanchions
– 1 single-storey tubular steel stanchion
– 1 RSJ floor support beam
– 2 RSA perimeter beams
– 1 RSA floor tie
– 2 RSA ceiling ties
– 3 RSA roof trusses

These components form a robust steel framework that supports the entire structure.

External Walls

The external walls are constructed with rendered roughcast brick, creating a cavity that is filled with timber framing overlaid with building paper and lined with plasterboard. Timber rails are placed between the stanchions in the cavity at the first-floor level, providing additional structural support.

Separating Wall

The separating wall between adjoining properties is made of concrete block cavity wall, ensuring sound insulation and fire resistance.

Partitions

Internal partitions are constructed using timber studs lined with plasterboard, creating lightweight and easily modifiable interior walls.

Floors

The ground floor is typically made of concrete, providing a solid and durable base. The first floor consists of tongue-and-groove (T&G) boarding on timber joists, offering a stable and resilient surface.

Ceilings

Ceilings are lined with plasterboard, which is a common material used for its fire-resistant properties and ease of installation.

Roof

The roof structure includes timber purlins, timber sarking, bituminous felt, and tiles. This combination of materials ensures a weatherproof and long-lasting roof.

Typical Hazards and Risks

While Atholl houses were designed to be durable and cost-effective, they are not without their hazards and risks. Some of the common issues associated with these properties include:

Corrosion of Steel Components

One of the primary concerns with Atholl houses is the potential for corrosion of the steel components. Over time, exposure to moisture can lead to rusting, which can compromise the structural integrity of the house. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to identify and address any signs of corrosion.

Damp and Moisture Ingress

Due to the age of these properties, damp and moisture ingress can be a significant issue. The presence of a damp-proof course helps mitigate this risk, but it is crucial to ensure that it remains intact and effective. Signs of dampness, such as mould growth and musty odours, should be promptly addressed.

Insulation and Energy Efficiency

Atholl houses were built during a time when energy efficiency was not a primary concern. As a result, these properties may have inadequate insulation, leading to higher energy bills and reduced comfort. Upgrading the insulation in the walls, roof, and floors can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the house.

Asbestos

Asbestos was commonly used in construction materials during the mid-20th century. While it is not confirmed whether Atholl houses contain asbestos, it is a possibility that should be considered. If asbestos is present, it is essential to handle it with care and seek professional assistance for its removal.

Defective Premises Act

The Defective Premises Act 1972 imposes a duty on builders, developers, and landlords to ensure that properties are constructed and maintained to a reasonable standard. While Atholl houses were built to meet the housing demands of the post-war era, they may not meet modern standards of construction and safety. It is advisable to have a thorough survey conducted by a qualified professional to identify any defects and ensure compliance with current regulations.

Inspection and Assessment

When inspecting an Atholl house, it is essential to follow a systematic approach to identify any potential issues. Here are some key areas to focus on during the inspection:

External Inspection

• Roof: Check for missing or damaged tiles, signs of sagging, and the condition of the bituminous felt.
• Walls: Inspect the rendered roughcast for cracks, bulges, and signs of dampness. Pay particular attention to the bell mouth at the first-floor level.
• Windows and Doors: Examine the condition of the projecting surrounds and the flat concrete canopy (if present). Ensure that the windows and doors are in good working order and provide adequate insulation.

Internal Inspection

• Floors: Check for any signs of unevenness, sagging, or damage to the concrete ground floor and the T&G boarding on the first floor.
• Walls and Partitions: Look for cracks, damp patches, and signs of mould growth. Ensure that the timber studs and plasterboard are in good condition.
• Ceilings: Inspect the plasterboard for cracks, stains, and signs of water damage.
• Steel Components: Examine the steel stanchions, beams, and ties for any signs of corrosion or rust. Pay particular attention to areas where moisture may be present.

Utilities and Services

• Electrical System: Ensure that the electrical wiring and fixtures are up to date and comply with current safety standards.
• Plumbing: Check for leaks, water pressure issues, and the condition of the pipes and fixtures.
• Heating and Insulation: Assess the efficiency of the heating system and the level of insulation in the walls, roof, and floors.

Typical Defects and Maintenance

Atholl houses, like any other property, require regular maintenance to ensure their longevity and safety. Here are some common defects and maintenance tips for Atholl houses:

Corrosion of Steel Components

Regularly inspect the steel components for signs of corrosion. If rust is detected, it should be treated promptly to prevent further deterioration. Applying a protective coating to the steel can help mitigate the risk of corrosion.

Damp and Moisture Ingress

Ensure that the damp-proof course is intact and effective. Address any signs of dampness promptly by identifying and rectifying the source of moisture. Improving ventilation and installing dehumidifiers can also help reduce moisture levels.

Insulation and Energy Efficiency

Upgrading the insulation in the walls, roof, and floors can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the house. Consider installing double-glazed windows and energy-efficient heating systems to reduce energy consumption and enhance comfort.

Asbestos

If asbestos is suspected or confirmed, it is essential to handle it with care. Avoid disturbing asbestos-containing materials and seek professional assistance for its removal. Asbestos removal should only be carried out by licensed contractors.

Roof Maintenance

Regularly inspect the roof for missing or damaged tiles, signs of sagging, and the condition of the bituminous felt. Promptly address any issues to prevent water ingress and further damage.

Wall Maintenance

Inspect the rendered roughcast for cracks, bulges, and signs of dampness. Repair any cracks and ensure that the rendering is in good condition. Repainting the exterior walls can also help protect them from the elements.

Window and Door Maintenance

Ensure that the windows and doors are in good working order and provide adequate insulation. Replace any damaged or worn-out seals and consider upgrading to double-glazed windows for improved energy efficiency.

Variants and Adaptations

While the standard Atholl house design is well-documented, there are some variants and adaptations that may be encountered. One such variant includes a suspended concrete ground floor, which differs from the typical concrete ground floor found in most Atholl houses. This variant may require additional inspection and maintenance considerations.

Conclusion

The Atholl 1951 house represents a significant chapter in the history of British housing. These properties were designed to address the post-war housing shortage and provide affordable and durable homes for families across the UK. While they have stood the test of time, it is essential to be aware of the potential hazards and risks associated with these properties.

Regular inspections and maintenance are crucial to ensure the longevity and safety of Atholl houses. By addressing common issues such as corrosion, dampness, and inadequate insulation, homeowners can enhance the comfort and energy efficiency of their properties.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.

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