Portal Temporary Bungalow Houses: A Comprehensive Guide for UK Home Buyers and Investors
Understanding the Portal Temporary Bungalow House
The Portal Temporary Bungalow, also known as the MOW Emergency or Prefab, is a unique piece of British architectural history. Designed by A.W. Kenyon and C.J. Mole, this type of property was manufactured by Briggs Motor Bodies and Pressed Steel Co. in 1944. Although only one was built, its design and construction offer valuable insights into post-war housing solutions in the UK. This article will delve into the characteristics, construction, and potential risks associated with these properties, providing essential information for prospective buyers and investors.
Historical Context and Manufacturing Details
The Portal Temporary Bungalow emerged during a period of significant housing shortages in the UK, following World War II. The government sought quick and efficient solutions to accommodate the displaced population, leading to the development of prefabricated homes. The Portal Bungalow was part of this initiative, designed to be a temporary solution but often lasting much longer than intended.
Manufactured by Briggs Motor Bodies and Pressed Steel Co., the Portal Bungalow was a testament to the ingenuity of its designers, A.W. Kenyon and C.J. Mole. These homes were constructed using prefabrication techniques, which allowed for rapid assembly and deployment. Despite the limited number built, the Portal Bungalow remains an important example of mid-20th-century prefabricated housing.
Typical Characteristics of Portal Temporary Bungalows
Portal Temporary Bungalows are easily identifiable by their distinct features. These detached bungalows have a shallow pitch gable roof covered with profiled steel sheets, coated with tar and sand for added protection. The external walls are similarly clad with profiled steel sheets, finished with sanded paint to enhance durability and weather resistance. The gable apex is constructed from flat steel sheets, providing a sleek and modern appearance.
A notable feature of the Portal Bungalow is the flat roof extension on the gable wall, which serves as an entrance hall and storage area. This design element not only adds functionality but also contributes to the overall aesthetic of the property.
Construction Details
The construction of Portal Temporary Bungalows is both innovative and practical. The substructure consists of a concrete slab with a damp-proof course (DPC) to prevent moisture ingress. The main frame is constructed using hollow box pressed steel (PS) setting out jigs and posts, forming a complex I-section floor support joist system. This robust framework is further reinforced with double pressed steel channel (PSC) forming I-section tapered rafters and a PSA lattice purlin at the ridge.
The external walls are composed of PSC frame panels clad with profiled steel sheets, creating a cavity filled with aluminium-backed building paper and timber framing lined with plywood. This multi-layered construction provides excellent insulation and structural integrity.
Internally, the partitions are made from PS framing lined with plywood, while the ground floor features timber boarding on PS joists. The ceilings are constructed from steel sheets on timber framing, and the roof is covered with profiled PS sheets, ensuring a weatherproof and durable structure.
Potential Hazards and Risks
While Portal Temporary Bungalows offer unique architectural and historical value, they also present certain risks and hazards that prospective buyers should be aware of. One of the primary concerns is the potential for corrosion in the steel components, particularly if the protective coatings have deteriorated over time. Regular maintenance and inspection are crucial to identify and address any signs of rust or structural weakness.
Additionally, the use of asbestos in some prefabricated homes from this era poses a health risk if disturbed. It is essential to conduct a thorough survey to determine the presence of asbestos and implement appropriate remediation measures if necessary.
Defective Premises Act Considerations
Under the Defective Premises Act, properties must be constructed in a manner that ensures they are safe and fit for habitation. While Portal Temporary Bungalows were designed as temporary solutions, their longevity and continued use necessitate careful consideration of their condition. It is advisable to engage a qualified surveyor to assess the structural integrity and safety of these properties, ensuring compliance with current building standards.
Inspection and Assessment Tips for Surveyors
When inspecting a Portal Temporary Bungalow, surveyors should follow a systematic approach to identify potential issues and assess the overall condition of the property. Key areas to focus on include:
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Roof and External Walls: Examine the condition of the profiled steel sheets, checking for signs of corrosion, damage, or deterioration in the protective coatings. Pay particular attention to the gable apex and flat roof extension, as these areas are more susceptible to weather-related wear.
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Main Frame and Structural Elements: Inspect the hollow box PS setting out jigs, posts, and I-section floor support joists for any signs of rust or structural weakness. Ensure that the PSA lattice purlin at the ridge is intact and free from damage.
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Internal Partitions and Ceilings: Check the condition of the PS framing and plywood linings, looking for any signs of water damage, warping, or deterioration. Ensure that the steel sheet ceilings are securely attached and free from corrosion.
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Ground Floor and Substructure: Assess the timber boarding and PS joists for signs of rot or insect infestation. Verify that the concrete slab and DPC are intact and effective in preventing moisture ingress.
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Asbestos and Hazardous Materials: Conduct a thorough survey to identify any asbestos-containing materials within the property. If asbestos is present, ensure that appropriate safety measures are in place to prevent exposure.
Common Defects in Portal Temporary Bungalows
Despite their robust construction, Portal Temporary Bungalows are not immune to defects. Common issues include:
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Corrosion of Steel Components: Over time, the protective coatings on steel elements may deteriorate, leading to rust and structural weakness. Regular maintenance and reapplication of protective coatings can mitigate this risk.
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Water Ingress and Dampness: Poorly maintained DPCs and damaged external cladding can result in water ingress, leading to dampness and potential structural damage. Ensuring that the property is adequately sealed and protected from moisture is essential.
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Asbestos-Related Concerns: Asbestos was commonly used in construction during the mid-20th century. Identifying and safely managing any asbestos-containing materials is crucial to prevent health risks.
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Thermal Insulation Issues: The original design of Portal Bungalows may not meet modern insulation standards, leading to higher energy costs and reduced comfort. Retrofitting with modern insulation materials can improve energy efficiency and comfort levels.
Maintaining and Improving Portal Temporary Bungalows
For owners and investors looking to maintain or improve a Portal Temporary Bungalow, several strategies can enhance the property’s longevity and value:
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Regular Maintenance: Conduct routine inspections and maintenance to address any signs of wear or damage promptly. This includes reapplying protective coatings to steel components and ensuring that the DPC and external cladding are in good condition.
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Energy Efficiency Upgrades: Consider retrofitting the property with modern insulation materials, energy-efficient windows, and heating systems to improve comfort and reduce energy costs.
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Asbestos Management: If asbestos is present, engage a qualified professional to safely manage or remove the material, ensuring compliance with health and safety regulations.
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Structural Reinforcements: Strengthen the property’s structural elements, such as the main frame and roof, to enhance durability and safety.
Conclusion
The Portal Temporary Bungalow represents a fascinating chapter in the UK’s architectural history, offering unique insights into post-war housing solutions. While these properties present certain risks and challenges, they also offer opportunities for preservation and improvement. By understanding the construction, potential hazards, and maintenance requirements, prospective buyers and investors can make informed decisions and safeguard their investment.
At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.