Scano Type I House: A Comprehensive Guide for Home Buyers and Investors
Understanding the Scano Type I House
The Scano Type I house, a unique architectural relic from the early 20th century, offers a fascinating glimpse into the evolution of British housing. Designed by the London County Council and manufactured by Scanhouse Ltd, these homes were constructed in 1925. With only four ever built, they are a rare find in the UK property market. Known alternatively as LCC Timber or simply Scano, these houses are a testament to the innovative building techniques of their time.
Historical Context and Manufacturing Details
The Scano Type I houses emerged during a period of experimentation in housing design, driven by the need for affordable and quickly constructed homes. The London County Council, in collaboration with Scanhouse Ltd, sought to address the housing shortage post-World War I by exploring new construction methods. The result was a timber-framed house that could be erected swiftly and economically.
Construction Characteristics
The Scano Type I house is a two-storey terraced structure, characterized by its medium pitch hipped roof covered with tiles. The external walls are distinctively clad with vertical timber boarding, a feature that sets these homes apart from other properties of the era. Narrow timber cover strips are used over vertical joints, adding to the aesthetic appeal and structural integrity of the building.
Substructure and Foundation
The foundation of the Scano Type I house consists of concrete strip footings, providing a stable base for the structure. Vented block underbuilding ensures adequate ventilation, crucial for maintaining the integrity of the timber frame. A damp-proof course (DPC) is incorporated to prevent moisture ingress, a common issue in older properties.
External Walls and Cladding
The external walls are constructed using a balloon frame technique, with eaves height vertical tongue and groove (T&G) boarded solid panels. These panels are separately clad with vertical timber boarding, backed with asphalted paper on timber battens. This layered construction not only enhances the thermal efficiency of the house but also provides a degree of weather resistance.
Internal Walls and Partitions
Internally, the Scano Type I house features timber frame cavity walls lined with asbestos cement sheets. While asbestos was a popular building material at the time due to its fire-resistant properties, it poses significant health risks today. Therefore, any renovation or maintenance work must be approached with caution and professional guidance.
Floors and Ceilings
The ground and first floors are constructed using timber boarding on timber joists, a common practice in early 20th-century homes. Ceilings are finished with T&G timber boarding, contributing to the overall timber aesthetic of the property.
Roof Structure
The roof is supported by timber trusses, covered with bituminous felt and tiles. This combination provides a durable and weather-resistant covering, although regular maintenance is essential to prevent leaks and other issues.
Variants and Modifications
Some Scano Type I houses have undergone modifications over the years. Variants include external walls of T&G solid timber panels overlaid with asphalted paper and directly clad with vertical timber boarding. In some cases, the external walls have been lathed and rendered, offering a different aesthetic and potentially improved insulation.
Identifying a Scano Type I House
Identifying a Scano Type I house involves looking for specific architectural features. These include the two-storey terraced design, medium pitch hipped roof, and vertical timber boarding on the external walls. The narrow timber cover strips over vertical joints are also a distinctive characteristic.
Potential Hazards and Risks
While the Scano Type I house is a charming piece of architectural history, it comes with its own set of challenges. The use of asbestos in internal walls poses a significant health risk, requiring careful management and professional removal if necessary. Additionally, the timber construction is susceptible to rot and insect infestation, necessitating regular inspections and maintenance.
Defective Premises Act Considerations
Under the Defective Premises Act, properties must be fit for habitation and free from significant defects. The Scano Type I house, with its potential asbestos issues and timber-related vulnerabilities, may require remedial work to meet these standards. Prospective buyers should seek a thorough survey to identify any necessary repairs or upgrades.
Inspection Tips for Surveyors
When inspecting a Scano Type I house, surveyors should pay close attention to the condition of the timber frame and cladding. Look for signs of rot, insect damage, and moisture ingress, particularly around the foundation and roof areas. Asbestos identification and management are also critical, requiring specialist expertise.
Roof Inspection
Examine the roof for missing or damaged tiles, as well as any signs of water ingress. The bituminous felt should be intact and free from tears or punctures. Timber trusses should be checked for signs of rot or structural weakness.
Wall and Cladding Assessment
Inspect the external walls for any signs of deterioration in the timber boarding or asphalted paper. Look for gaps or damage in the timber cover strips, which could allow moisture penetration. Internal walls should be assessed for asbestos presence and condition.
Floor and Ceiling Evaluation
Check the condition of the timber boarding on both floors, looking for signs of wear or damage. Ceilings should be inspected for any sagging or water stains, which could indicate roof leaks or structural issues.
Maintenance and Preservation
Maintaining a Scano Type I house requires a proactive approach to preservation. Regular inspections and timely repairs are essential to prevent minor issues from escalating into major problems. Timber treatment and pest control measures can help protect the structure from rot and infestation.
Renovation and Modernisation
For those looking to modernize a Scano Type I house, careful planning and professional guidance are crucial. Any renovation work must consider the historical significance of the property, balancing modern comforts with preservation of original features. Asbestos removal and replacement of outdated materials should be prioritized for safety.
Investment Potential
Despite the challenges, the Scano Type I house offers unique investment potential. Its rarity and historical significance can appeal to niche buyers and heritage enthusiasts. With the right care and attention, these properties can be transformed into charming and comfortable homes.
Conclusion
The Scano Type I house is a fascinating example of early 20th-century British architecture. While it presents certain challenges, particularly regarding asbestos and timber maintenance, it also offers unique opportunities for those willing to invest in its preservation. By understanding the construction characteristics and potential risks, buyers and investors can make informed decisions about these rare and intriguing properties.
At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.