Historical Context and Background

The East Knowle Special house is a distinctive property type that emerged in the UK during the late 1930s. Specifically, these houses were constructed in 1939, a period marked by significant advancements in building technology and materials. The East Knowle Special houses are primarily found in suburban areas, often in detached bungalows and chalet bungalows. These properties were designed to meet the growing demand for affordable and efficient housing solutions during a time of economic uncertainty and impending war.

Manufacturers and Designers

The East Knowle Special houses were the brainchild of innovative designers and manufacturers who sought to create durable and cost-effective homes. While the exact names of the manufacturers and designers are not well-documented, it is known that these houses were part of a broader movement towards system-built properties. These homes were constructed using pre-fabricated reinforced concrete (PRC) panels, a method that allowed for rapid assembly and reduced construction costs.

Number Built and Alternative Names

The exact number of East Knowle Special houses built is not readily available, but they were part of a larger trend of PRC homes that proliferated during the late 1930s and early 1940s. These houses may also be referred to by alternative names, depending on the region and specific design variations. However, the term “East Knowle Special” has become the most commonly recognized name for this property type.

Identification Characteristics

Identifying an East Knowle Special house is relatively straightforward due to its unique architectural features. These houses are typically detached bungalows or chalet bungalows with a steep pitch single or double gable roof covered with tiles. The external walls are often constructed of mock ashlar block, giving the house a distinctive and somewhat rustic appearance.

Key Features

• Detached Bungalows and Chalet Bungalows: These houses are usually single-story or one-and-a-half-story structures, making them ideal for families and retirees.
• Steep Pitch Roof: The roofs are characterized by a steep pitch, which not only adds to the aesthetic appeal but also helps in efficient water drainage.
• Mock Ashlar Block Walls: The external walls are designed to mimic the appearance of traditional ashlar stone, providing a classic and timeless look.

Construction Details

Understanding the construction details of the East Knowle Special house is crucial for potential buyers and investors. These houses were built using a combination of traditional and innovative materials, which have both strengths and weaknesses.

Substructure and Damp Proof Course (DPC)

The substructure details of the East Knowle Special house are not well-documented. However, it is known that these houses were equipped with a damp proof course (DPC) to prevent moisture from rising through the walls and floors.

External Walls

The external walls of the East Knowle Special house are constructed using 4′ x 7″ storey height dense and clinker aggregate PRC panels. These panels are cavity walls, meaning they have a hollow space between the inner and outer layers to improve insulation and reduce moisture penetration. The storey height timber frame is sheathed internally and externally with asbestos cement sheets and infilled with clinker aggregate concrete.

Separating Walls and Partitions

The details of the separating walls and partitions within the East Knowle Special house are not well-documented. However, it is likely that these walls were constructed using similar materials and methods as the external walls to maintain structural integrity and consistency.

Floors

The ground floor of the East Knowle Special house is typically made of concrete, providing a solid and durable base. The first floor, if present, consists of timber boarding on timber joists, which is a common construction method for houses of this era. The ceilings are usually made of plasterboard, offering a smooth and clean finish.

Roof

The roof of the East Knowle Special house is constructed using timber purlins and rafters, covered with tiles. This traditional roofing method provides both strength and aesthetic appeal, ensuring that the house remains weather-resistant and visually pleasing.

Typical Defects and Hazards

While the East Knowle Special house has many appealing features, it is essential to be aware of the typical defects and hazards associated with this property type. Understanding these issues can help buyers and investors make informed decisions and take necessary precautions.

Reinforced Concrete Durability

One of the primary concerns with the East Knowle Special house is the durability of the reinforced concrete (PRC) panels. Over time, these panels can suffer from corrosion of the steel reinforcement, leading to structural weaknesses. The British Research Establishment (BRE) has provided guidance on inspecting and assessing the durability of reinforced concrete in several publications, including:

• Corrosion of Steel in Concrete (BRE Digest 444, Pts 1–3)
• Repair and Maintenance of Reinforced Concrete (BR 254)
• Carbonation Depths in Structural-Quality Concrete (BR 19)

Asbestos Cement Sheets

The use of asbestos cement sheets in the construction of the East Knowle Special house poses a significant health risk. Asbestos is a hazardous material that can cause serious respiratory diseases, including asbestosis and mesothelioma. It is crucial to have a professional surveyor inspect the property for asbestos and recommend appropriate removal or encapsulation measures.

Moisture and Damp Issues

Despite the presence of a damp proof course (DPC), East Knowle Special houses can still suffer from moisture and damp issues. This can be due to the age of the property, poor maintenance, or defects in the construction materials. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to prevent and address damp problems.

Structural Movement

Structural movement is another common issue with East Knowle Special houses. This can be caused by various factors, including soil conditions, foundation problems, and the natural aging of materials. Signs of structural movement include cracks in the walls, uneven floors, and doors or windows that do not close properly.

Defective Premises Act

The East Knowle Special house is not specifically classified as defective under the Defective Premises Act. However, the potential issues with reinforced concrete durability, asbestos, and structural movement mean that buyers and investors should exercise caution. It is advisable to have a thorough survey conducted by a qualified professional to identify any defects and assess the overall condition of the property.

Inspection Guide for Surveyors

For surveyors inspecting an East Knowle Special house, it is essential to follow a systematic approach to identify potential issues and assess the property’s condition. The following guide provides a step-by-step process for conducting a comprehensive inspection.

Pre-Inspection Preparation

Before conducting the inspection, gather as much information as possible about the property, including its construction details, previous maintenance records, and any known issues. This will help you focus your inspection and identify potential problem areas.

External Inspection

1. Roof: Check the condition of the tiles, timber purlins, and rafters. Look for signs of damage, wear, or water ingress.
2. Walls: Inspect the external walls for cracks, bulging, or other signs of structural movement. Pay particular attention to the PRC panels and mock ashlar block.
3. Damp Proof Course (DPC): Verify the presence and condition of the DPC. Look for signs of rising damp or moisture penetration.
4. Asbestos Cement Sheets: Identify any asbestos cement sheets used in the construction. If present, recommend a professional asbestos survey and removal or encapsulation.

Internal Inspection

1. Floors: Check the condition of the concrete ground floor and timber first floor. Look for signs of unevenness, cracks, or moisture damage.
2. Walls and Partitions: Inspect the internal walls and partitions for cracks, bulging, or other signs of structural movement. Pay attention to any areas where moisture or dampness is present.
3. Ceilings: Examine the plasterboard ceilings for cracks, sagging, or water stains.
4. Structural Movement: Look for signs of structural movement, such as cracks in the walls, uneven floors, and doors or windows that do not close properly.

Special Considerations

1. Reinforced Concrete Durability: Assess the condition of the reinforced concrete panels. Look for signs of corrosion, spalling, or other deterioration. Refer to BRE guidance for detailed inspection and assessment procedures.
2. Asbestos: If asbestos is present, recommend a professional asbestos survey and removal or encapsulation. Ensure that all work is carried out by licensed contractors.
3. Moisture and Damp Issues: Identify any areas affected by moisture or dampness. Recommend appropriate remedial measures, such as improved ventilation, damp proofing, or repairs to the DPC.

Conclusion

The East Knowle Special house is a unique and historically significant property type that offers both charm and potential challenges. Understanding the construction details, typical defects, and hazards associated with these houses is essential for buyers and investors. By conducting a thorough inspection and addressing any issues promptly, you can ensure that your investment remains safe and sound.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.

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