Historical Context and Manufacturing Background

The Swedish Sectional Timber (SST) house, also known as the Swedish Timber house, is a unique and historically significant property type in the UK. These homes were primarily constructed between 1937 and 1947, a period marked by the need for rapid housing solutions due to the aftermath of World War II. The SST houses were designed by C L Sjostrom Mardall and were part of a broader initiative to address the housing shortage in the UK.

A total of 300 Swedish Sectional Timber houses were built during this period. These homes were typically found in semi-detached bungalows and two-storey semi-detached or terraced houses. The construction of these homes was a collaborative effort between Swedish manufacturers and British builders, leveraging the expertise and resources of both nations to create durable and efficient housing solutions.

Identification Characteristics

Identifying a Swedish Sectional Timber house involves recognizing several distinct architectural and construction features. These homes are characterized by:

• Roof Design: The SST houses often feature a shallow pitch monopitch roof or a shallow pitch gable roof covered with profiled asbestos cement sheets. This roofing style is a key identifier and provides a unique aesthetic to the property.
• External Walls: The external walls of these homes are typically made of stained or painted horizontal or vertical timber boarding, or render. This gives the homes a rustic and traditional appearance.
• Timber Porch: Another distinctive feature is the timber porch, which adds to the charm and character of the property.

Construction Details

Understanding the construction details of Swedish Sectional Timber houses is crucial for potential buyers and investors. These homes were built using specific materials and techniques that were innovative for their time.

Substructure

The substructure of SST houses consists of concrete strip footings carried up above ground level. This provides a stable and durable foundation for the property.

External Walls

The external walls are constructed using 1- and 2-storey height timber frame panels. These panels are lined internally with fibreboard on 1½” tongue and groove (T&G) timber boarding and clad externally with felt and 1″ vertical or horizontal timber boarding. This construction method ensures both strength and insulation.

Separating Wall

The separating walls between properties are made of timber frame panels lined on each side with 1½” T&G timber boarding and asbestos cement sheeting. This provides sound insulation and fire resistance between adjoining homes.

Partitions

Internal partitions are constructed using timber studs, which are both lightweight and strong.

Floors

The ground floor consists of T&G timber boarding on timber joists, with paper insulation to the joists. The first and second floors are similarly constructed with T&G timber boarding on timber joists.

Ceilings

Ceilings in SST houses are typically made of fibreboard, which is lightweight and easy to install.

Roof

The roof is constructed using asbestos cement profiled sheeting on timber rafters and purlins. Sawdust and lime insulation are used in the ceiling joists to provide thermal insulation.

Variants

There are some variants of the Swedish Sectional Timber house, particularly in the external wall cladding. In some cases, the external walls are clad with ¾” vertical timber boarding and cement render on bitumen-impregnated fibreboard lathing. This variant provides additional weather resistance and durability.

Typical Hazards and Risks

While Swedish Sectional Timber houses have many positive attributes, there are also some typical hazards and risks associated with this property type. Understanding these risks is essential for potential buyers and investors.

Asbestos

One of the primary concerns with SST houses is the presence of asbestos in the roofing and separating walls. Asbestos was commonly used in construction during the mid-20th century due to its fire-resistant properties. However, it is now known to be a hazardous material that can cause serious health issues if disturbed. It is crucial to have a professional asbestos survey conducted before purchasing an SST house.

Timber Decay

Timber decay is another common issue with these homes. The timber used in the construction of SST houses can be susceptible to rot and insect infestation, particularly if the property has not been well-maintained. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to prevent and address timber decay.

Insulation and Energy Efficiency

While the original construction of SST houses included some insulation, it may not meet modern energy efficiency standards. Upgrading the insulation in these homes can improve energy efficiency and reduce heating costs.

Defective Premises Act

The Swedish Sectional Timber house is not classified as defective under the Defective Premises Act. However, it is still important to conduct thorough inspections and assessments to ensure the property is in good condition and free from significant defects.

Inspection and Assessment Guide

For surveyors and potential buyers, conducting a thorough inspection and assessment of a Swedish Sectional Timber house is essential. Here are some key steps and considerations:

Exterior Inspection

• Roof: Check the condition of the asbestos cement sheeting. Look for signs of damage, wear, or potential asbestos exposure.
• External Walls: Inspect the timber boarding or render for signs of decay, rot, or damage. Ensure that the cladding is secure and in good condition.
• Porch: Examine the timber porch for structural integrity and signs of decay.

Interior Inspection

• Walls and Partitions: Check for signs of timber decay, particularly in areas that may be exposed to moisture. Look for any signs of insect infestation.
• Floors: Inspect the timber boarding and joists for signs of wear, damage, or decay. Ensure that the insulation is intact and effective.
• Ceilings: Check the fibreboard ceilings for any signs of damage or wear.

Asbestos Survey

Given the presence of asbestos in the roofing and separating walls, it is essential to conduct a professional asbestos survey. This will identify any asbestos-containing materials and provide guidance on how to manage or remove them safely.

Energy Efficiency Assessment

Consider conducting an energy efficiency assessment to identify areas where insulation can be improved. Upgrading insulation can enhance the property’s energy efficiency and reduce heating costs.

Typical Defects and Maintenance Tips

Understanding the typical defects associated with Swedish Sectional Timber houses can help in maintaining the property and addressing issues promptly.

Timber Decay

Timber decay is a common issue in SST houses. Regular inspections and maintenance are essential to prevent and address timber decay. Ensure that the property is well-ventilated and protected from moisture to reduce the risk of rot and insect infestation.

Asbestos Management

If asbestos is present in the property, it is crucial to manage it safely. Avoid disturbing asbestos-containing materials and seek professional advice if any work needs to be done. Regular inspections can help identify any potential asbestos exposure risks.

Insulation Upgrades

Upgrading the insulation in SST houses can improve energy efficiency and reduce heating costs. Consider adding modern insulation materials to the walls, floors, and roof to enhance the property’s thermal performance.

Roof Maintenance

Regularly inspect the roof for signs of damage or wear. Ensure that the asbestos cement sheeting is in good condition and free from cracks or breaks. If any damage is found, seek professional advice on how to repair or replace the roofing materials safely.

Conclusion

The Swedish Sectional Timber house is a unique and historically significant property type in the UK. These homes, built between 1937 and 1947, offer a distinctive architectural style and construction method. While there are some typical hazards and risks associated with SST houses, such as asbestos and timber decay, these can be managed with regular inspections and maintenance.

For potential buyers and investors, understanding the construction details, typical defects, and maintenance requirements of Swedish Sectional Timber houses is essential. Conducting thorough inspections and assessments can help ensure that the property is in good condition and free from significant defects.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.

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