When considering a property purchase in the UK, understanding the history, construction, and potential issues of the property type is crucial. One such property type that often piques the interest of home buyers and investors is the Whatling house. This article delves into the intricate details of Whatling houses, providing a thorough understanding of their construction, typical characteristics, and potential hazards. As an expert surveyor, I will guide you through everything you need to know about these unique properties.

Historical Context and Manufacturing

The Whatling house, named after its manufacturer J H Whatling Ltd, was constructed primarily between 1919 and the 1930s. These houses were part of the post-World War I housing boom, designed to address the acute housing shortage of the time. Approximately 500 Whatling houses were built during this period, predominantly in suburban areas across the UK.

Design and Construction

The Whatling house is a two-storey semi-detached property, easily identifiable by its medium pitch hipped or mansard roof, which is typically covered with clay or concrete tiles. The external walls are rendered with pebbledash, giving the houses a distinctive appearance. Some Whatling houses feature bay windows on the ground floor front elevation, adding to their charm. A flat canopy often adorns the front door, providing a welcoming entrance.

Structural Components

Substructure

The substructure of a Whatling house consists of concrete strip foundations and concrete underbuilding. These foundations provide a stable base for the house, essential for the longevity and structural integrity of the property. Drainage holes are incorporated to manage water flow and prevent damp issues.

External Walls

The external walls of Whatling houses are constructed from dense aggregate reinforced concrete (RC) cavity walls, rendered with pebbledash. These walls are tied with galvanised wall ties and feature a 3-inch cavity. Horizontal 1/2-inch bar reinforcement is lapped at the corners to enhance structural stability. Damp-proof courses (DPC) are installed at the first-floor level and eaves level to prevent moisture ingress. Air bricks are also included to facilitate ventilation.

Internal Walls and Partitions

The separating walls between properties are made from dense aggregate concrete, providing sound insulation and fire resistance. Internal partitions are also constructed from dense aggregate concrete, ensuring robust internal divisions.

Floors

The ground floor of a Whatling house typically consists of timber boarding on timber joists, while the first floor follows a similar construction method. This traditional flooring method provides a solid and durable base for the property.

Roof

The roof structure comprises timber rafters covered with concrete tiles. In some variants, the roof may be covered with clay tiles instead. The mansard roof design is another variant found in some Whatling houses, offering additional attic space.

Typical Characteristics and Hazards

Identification Characteristics

Whatling houses are easily identifiable by their two-storey semi-detached design, medium pitch hipped or mansard roof, and pebbledash-rendered external walls. The presence of bay windows on the ground floor front elevation and a flat canopy over the front door are additional distinguishing features.

Common Defects

Despite their robust construction, Whatling houses are not without their issues. Some common defects include:

• Vertical Cracking: Vertical cracks can appear in the dense aggregate RC external walls, often due to settlement or thermal movement.
• Horizontal Cracking: Horizontal cracks may develop over ground floor windows, typically caused by the absence of vertical movement joints in the external walls.
• Damp Problems: Damp issues can arise in the dense aggregate RC external walls, often due to inadequate drainage or compromised damp-proof courses.

Defective Premises Act

The Whatling house is not classed as defective under the Defective Premises Act. However, it is essential to be aware of the common defects and potential hazards associated with these properties to ensure they are addressed promptly.

Inspection Guide for Surveyors

When inspecting a Whatling house, surveyors should pay close attention to the following areas:

External Walls

• Check for Cracks: Inspect the external walls for vertical and horizontal cracks. Note their location, size, and any signs of movement.
• Damp Issues: Look for signs of dampness, such as discolouration, mould, or a musty smell. Check the condition of the damp-proof courses and ensure they are intact.
• Render Condition: Assess the condition of the pebbledash render. Look for areas where the render may be loose or missing.

Roof

• Tile Condition: Inspect the roof tiles for damage or missing tiles. Check for signs of water ingress or leaks.
• Rafters and Structure: Examine the timber rafters for signs of rot, insect infestation, or structural damage.

Floors

• Timber Joists: Check the condition of the timber joists on both the ground and first floors. Look for signs of rot, dampness, or structural weakness.
• Floorboards: Inspect the floorboards for any signs of damage or wear. Ensure they are securely fixed and free from movement.

Internal Walls and Partitions

• Cracks and Movement: Look for cracks in the internal walls and partitions. Note any signs of movement or structural issues.
• Dampness: Check for signs of dampness or mould on internal walls, particularly in areas adjacent to external walls.

Windows and Doors

• Condition of Surrounds: Inspect the PRC window and door surrounds for signs of damage or deterioration.
• Sills: Check the condition of both external brick sills and internal tiled sills. Look for signs of cracking or movement.

Conclusion

The Whatling house, with its unique construction and historical significance, offers a fascinating option for home buyers and investors. Understanding the typical characteristics, common defects, and potential hazards associated with these properties is crucial for making an informed decision. By following the inspection guide provided, surveyors can ensure a thorough assessment of Whatling houses, identifying any issues that may need addressing.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.

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